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The theory of three degrees of influence was created by Nicholas A.

Ī related theory deals with the quality of connections, rather than their existence. Karinthy has been regarded as the originator of the notion of six degrees of separation. This idea influenced a great deal of early thought on social networks, both directly and indirectly. He bet us that, using no more than five individuals, one of whom is a personal acquaintance, he could contact the selected individual using nothing except the network of personal acquaintances. We should select any person from the 1.5 billion inhabitants of the Earth – anyone, anywhere at all. One of us suggested performing the following experiment to prove that the population of the Earth is closer together now than they have ever been before. He wrote:Ī fascinating game grew out of this discussion. In his story, the characters create a game out of this notion. Īs a result of this hypothesis, Karinthy's characters believed that any two individuals could be connected through at most five acquaintances. He posited that despite great physical distances between the globe's individuals, the growing density of human networks made the actual social distance far smaller. In particular, Karinthy believed that the modern world was 'shrinking' due to this ever-increasing connectedness of human beings.

Due to technological advances in communications and travel, friendship networks could grow larger and span greater distances. One of these pieces was titled "Chains," or "Chain-Links." The story investigated – in abstract, conceptual, and fictional terms – many of the problems that would captivate future generations of mathematicians, sociologists, and physicists within the field of network theory.

These conjectures were expanded in 1929 by Hungarian author Frigyes Karinthy, who published a volume of short stories titled Everything is Different. Theories on optimal design of cities, city traffic flows, neighborhoods, and demographics were in vogue after World War I.

1.3 Continued research: Small World Project.